Extremal Kragujevac trees with respect to Sombor indices

Document Type : Original paper

Authors

1 Department of Mathematics, National University of Mongolia, P.O.Box 187/46A, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

2 Department of Mathematics, Mongolian National University of Education, Baga toiruu-14, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

Abstract

The concept of the Sombor indices of a graph was introduced by Gutman. A vertex-edge variant of the Sombor index of graphs is called the KG-Sombor index.  Recently, the Sombor and  KG-Sombor indices of Kragujevac trees were studied, and the extremal Kragujevac trees with respect to these indices were empirically  determined.   Here we give analytical proof of the results.

Keywords

Main Subjects


[1] A. Alidadi, A. Parsian, and H. Arianpoor, The minimum Sombor index for unicyclic graphs with fixed diameter, MATCH Commun. Math. Comput. Chem. 88 (2022), no. 3, 561–572.
[2] R. Cruz, I. Gutman, and J. Rada, Sombor index of chemical graphs, Appl. Math. Comput. 399 (2021), Article ID: 126018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2021.126018
[3] R. Cruz and J. Rada, Extremal values of the Sombor index in unicyclic and bicyclic graphs, J. Math. Chem. 59 (2021), no. 4, 1098–1116. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10910-021-01232-8.
[4] K.C. Das, A.S. C¸evik, I.N. Cangul, and Y. Shang, On Sombor index, Symmetry 13 (2021), no. 1, Article ID: 140. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13010140
[5] S. Dorjsembe and B. Horoldagva, Reduced Sombor index of bicyclic graphs, Asian-European J. Math. 15 (2022), no. 7, Article ID: 2250128. https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793557122501285
[6] I. Gutman, Geometric approach to degree-based topological indices: Sombor indices, MATCH Commun. Math. Comput. Chem. 86 (2021), no. 1, 11–16.
[7] I. Gutman, N.K. Gürsoy, A. Gürsoy, and A. Ülker, New bounds on Sombor index, Commun. Comb. Optim. 8, no. 2, 305–311. https://doi.org/10.22049/cco.2022.27600.1296
[8] I. Gutman, V.R. Kulli, and I. Redžepović, Sombor index of Kragujevac trees, Sci. Publ. State Univ. Novi Pazar, Ser. A: Appl. Math. Inform. Mechan. 13 (2021), no. 2, 61–70. https://doi.org/10.5937/SPSUNP2102061G
[9] I. Gutman, I. Redžepović, and V.R. Kulli, KG Sombor index of Kragujevac trees, Open J. Discrete Appl. Math. 5 (2022), no. 2, 19–25.
[10] I. Milovanović, E. Milovanović, and M. Matejić, On some mathematical properties of Sombor indices, Bull. Int. Math. Virtual Inst. 11 (2021), no. 2, 341–353.
[11] C. Phanjoubam, S. Mawiong, and A. Buhphang, On Sombor coindex of graphs, Commun. Comb. Optim. 8 (2023), no. 3, 513–529. https://doi.org/10.22049/cco.2022.27751.1343
[12] H. Ramane, I. Gutman, K. Bhajantri, and D. Kitturmath, Sombor index of some graph transformations, Commun. Comb. Optim. 8 (2023), no. 1, 193–205. https://doi.org/10.22049/cco.2021.27484.1272
[13] I. Redžepović, Chemical applicability of Sombor indices, J. Serb. Chem. Soc. 86 (2021), 445–457. http://doi.org/10.2298/JSC201215006R
[14] T. Réti, T. Došlić, and A. Ali, On the Sombor index of graphs, Contrib. Math. 3 (2021), 11–18. https://doi.org/10.47443/cm.2021.0006